Khov Kom Qhuav Rau Cov Txheej Txheem Kom Qhuav
Cov qauv ua kom zoo ntawm lub tshuab ua kom khov-qhuav rau khov-khov khoom yog: cov kev ua haujlwm lom zem tas mus li, zoo li tsis pom kev zoo nkauj thiab xim, tag nrho cov qauv, tus qauv ruaj khov, kev hais lus nrawm nrawm thiab tsis tshua muaj dej noo. Yuav kom tau txais cov khoom lag luam zoo, kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev tshawb xav thiab txheej txheem ntawm lyophilization yuav tsum tau txais. Cov txheej txheem khov-khov ntawm lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws khov suav nrog peb theem ua ntej khov, sublimation thiab rov ua kom qhuav. Tsim nyog saum npoo av tau txais txiaj ntsig luv kom khov-ziab ziab ua kom pom tseeb qhov muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam.
Lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws kom khov khov kom khov cov khoom khov:
Thaum cov tshuaj tov khov (10 txog 50 ° C toj ib feeb), cov khoom siv lead ua muaj lub ntsej muag ua kom pom tseeb hauv qab lub tshuab tsom; ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, thaum qeeb khov (1 ° C / min), cov tsim muaju ci pom tau qhov muag liab qab. Cov ntxig siv lead ua yoojyim tawm qhov sib txawv loj hauv sublimation, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm lyophilization. Qhov sib txawv tshuav ntawm cov nplua siv lead ua tom qab sublimation tseem me me, yog li sublimation ntawm qis txheej yog qhov cuam tshuam, cov tiav lawm khov ua tiav tau zoo, qhov zoo li yog teeb, thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog qhov loj, thiab qhov ntxeem tau ntxeem. Tus qauv yog qhov zoo, qhov kev sib cais xaus tau nrawm, thiab qhov ntub dej ntawm cov khoom tiav lawm kuj muaj zog.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev ua ntej cov tshuaj khov hauv lub tshuab ua kom khov: ib qho yog kom txias cov khoom thiab lub thawv ntim khoom kom qhuav tib lub sijhawm; lwm qhov yog kom txias lub txee yuav tsum tau qhuav txog li-40 ° C, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov khoom tso rau hauv cov khoom, yav dhau los sib npaug los qeeb txias, qhov tom kawg yog nruab nrab ntawm khov thiab qeeb-khov thiab feem ntau siv sib npaug khov -drying efficiency nrog cov khoom zoo. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm hom qauv no yog tias thaum cov khoom nkag mus rau hauv lub thawv, dej pa hauv huab cua yuav nrawm dhau ntawm lub txee, thiab hauv theem pib sublimation, yog tias lub phaj sov sai dua, qhov loj-thaj chaw sublimation yuav dhau ntawm ib txwm thau tawm ntawm lub condenser. Qhov tshwm sim no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom thaum lub caij ntuj sov.
Qhov khov ntawm qhov khoom yog nyob so. Kev paub tau pom tias qhov tshwm sim ntawm supercooling yog ib qho yooj yim tshwm sim kom txog rau thaum ntsuas kub ntawm cov khoom tau mus txog eutectic point. Txawm li cas los xij, cov solute tseem tsis quaj kua muag. Txhawm rau kov yeej qhov tshwm sim ntawm supercooling, qhov tsis khov ntawm qhov kub ntawm qhov khoom yuav tsum qis tshaj qhov ntau ntawm cov kab hauv qab eutectic, thiab nws xav tau kev tswj xyuas ib lub sijhawm kom cia cov khoom khov.
